ISOPLETRH// GEOA CC2 //PRACTICAL GEOGRAPHY
ISOPLETH MAP
Definition
The term isopleth has been derived from words “isos” meaning ‘same’ and “plethron” meaning ‘measure’. Thus isopleth are lines joining places of equal values. The value may be in the form of quantity, intensity or density. Isobars (equal pressures), Isotherms (equal Temperature), Isohytes (equal rainfall), Ispbaths (equal depths), Isoseismal (equal earthquake intensity), Isonephs (equal cloudiness), Isohalines (equal salinity), Isogenes (equal magnetic variation) etc are some important examples of Isopleths.
An isopleths is a line drawn on a map through all points having the same value of some measurable quantity. Isopleth maps simplify information about a region by showing areas with continuous distribution. Isopleth maps may use lines to show areas where elevation, temperature, rainfall, or some other quality is the same; values between lines can be interpolated. Isopleths may also use color to show regions where some quality is the same; for example, a map that use shades from red to blue to indicate temperature ranges.
Applications of Isopleth Maps:
Isopleth maps used in different fields to show the equality of values.
The following are some of Isoline map’s applications,
1. Isopleth maps used in climatic data to show areas with the same temperature, pressure, rainfalls etc.
2. Used in population or production data to show similarities between one area and another.
3. Used in showing altitude with the same height`s meters by using contour lines between one area and another.
Merits of Isopleth Technique:
1. Isopleth are more scientific than other methods of showing distribution and effectively show the distribution and variations.
2. This is especially useful for climatic maps such as isobars, isotherms, isohyet etc. and is known as the main tool for the meteorologists.
3. It is very easy to determine the gradient (rate of change) with the help of isopleth maps.
4. When isopleth are wide apart ,they show low gradient but when they are closer together they show high gradient.
5. Isopleth lines are independent of political boundaries and best suited to show the natural pattern of distribution of an element.
Demerits of Isopleth Technique:
1. Many isopleths are drawn by interpolation which sometimes lead to inaccuracy in the directions of isopleths and the pattern of distribution shown by those lines is distorted.
2. It is confusing when there is large list of points or dots.
3. It is time consuming when there is large number of dots or points.
There may be different types of isopleths.
Some examples are given below:
- Isobar - A line representing points of equal atmospheric pressure.
- Isobath - A line representing points of equal depth under water.
- Isobathytherm - A line representing depths of water with equal temperature.
- Isochasm - A line representing points of equal recurrence of auroras.
- Isocheim - A line representing points of equal mean winter temperature.
- Isochrone - A line representing points of equal time-distance from a point, such as the transportation time from a particular point.
- Isodapane - A line representing points of equal transport costs for products from production to markets.
- Isodose - A line representing points of equal intensity of radiation.
- Isodrosotherm - A line representing points of equal dew point.
- Isogeotherm - A line representing points of equal mean temperature.
- Isogloss - A line separating linguistic features.
- Isogonal - A line representing points of equal magnetic declination.
- Isohaline - A line representing points of equal salinity in the ocean.
- Isohel - A line representing points receiving equal amounts of sunshine.
- Isohume - A line representing points of equal humidity.
- Isohyet - A line representing points of equal precipitation.
- Isoneph - A line representing points of equal amounts of cloud cover.
- Isopectic - A line representing points where ice begins to form at the same time each fall or winter.
- Isophene - A line representing points where biological events occur at the same time, such as crops flowering.
- Isoplat - A line representing points of equal acidity, as in acid precipitation.
- Isopleth - A line representing points of equal numerical value, such as population.
- Isopor - A line representing points of equal annual change in magnetic declination.
- Isostere - A line representing points of equal atmospheric density.
- Isotac - A line representing points where ice begins to melt at the same time each spring.
- Isotach - A line representing points of equal wind speed.
- Isothere - A line representing points of equal mean summer temperature.
- Isotherm - A line representing points of equal temperature.
- Isotim - A line representing points of equal transport costs from the source of a raw material
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