GEOGRAPHY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS SERIES 14
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HTET PGT GEOGRAPHY 2018 SOLVED PAPER
91. Which instrument is used for measurement of area in maps ?
(1) Planimeter
(2) Opisometer
(3) Pantograph
(4) Eidograph
Explaination:
Planimeter is used for measuring areas, especially on maps or plans;
Opisometer is for measuring distances along curved lines, like roads on a map;
Pantograph is for copying drawings or maps at different scales;
Eidograph is also for copying drawings or maps, but often at a larger scale.
92. Which one of the following meterological condition is not shown in Indian daily weather map ?
(1) Isotherms
(2) Isobars
(3) Sky condition
(4) Wind direction
93. A rejuvenated topography is characterized by :
A. Knick Point
B. Incised Meanders
C. Valley in Valley
D. Structural Benches
(1) A, B, C and D
(2) A, B and D
(3) A, B and C
(4) A and B
94. 'Nuee-ardente' is a characteristic feature of :
(1) Mt. Pelee volcano
(2) Kilaue volcano
(3) Fujiyama volcano
(4) Mauna Kea volcano
explaination : A nuée ardente is a French term, literally meaning "glowing cloud", that refers to a rapidly moving, ground-hugging cloud of hot gas, ash, and rock fragments ejected during a volcanic eruption. These are a type of pyroclastic flow, characterized by their high temperature and destructive power.
Key characteristics of a nuée ardente:
Composition: A mixture of hot gas, ash, and rock fragments, often incandescent (glowing).
Movement: Flows rapidly down the slopes of a volcano, following valleys and other low-lying areas.
Speed: Can travel at speeds exceeding 50 mph.
Temperature: Temperatures can range from 400 to 1300 degrees Fahrenheit.
Destructive Capacity: Highly destructive, capable of incinerating, burying, or suffocating anything in its path.
Formation: Can form from the collapse of an eruption column or the collapse of a lava dome.
Examples and Significance:
The devastating 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée on Martinique, which killed nearly all the inhabitants of the nearby city of Saint-Pierre, is a prime example of a nuée ardente.
Nuées ardentes are a major volcanic hazard, capable of causing widespread destruction and loss of life.
While the term "nuée ardente" is still used, it is also increasingly recognized as a type of pyroclastic flow.
95. Which of the following landform of India is an example of 'escarpment' ?
(1) Western Ghat
(2) Satpura
(3) Aravalli
(4) Deccan Plateau
explaination: an escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that separates two relatively level areas of differing elevation. It's a prominent feature formed by either erosion or faulting, effectively acting as a boundary between different terrains.
Formation:
Escarpments can form through various geological processes. Erosion, caused by wind, water, or ice, can wear away rock layers at different rates, leaving behind a steep slope. Faulting, which is the movement of the Earth's crust along a fault line, can also create escarpments by displacing land and forming a cliff.
Examples:
The Western Ghats in India, a range of mountains running parallel to the Arabian Sea, is an escarpment. Similarly, the Great Escarpment in Southern Africa is a prominent example, where the high central plateau descends towards the surrounding oceans.
96. Which one of the following statements is not correct about distributional maps ?
(1) Choroschematic method is also known as symbol method.
(2) Chorochromatic maps are also known as colour-patch maps.
(3) Density of population can be shown by choropleth method.
(4) Isopleths are lines of unequal value.
explaination: choroschematic maps utilize symbols, the term "symbol method" is broader and can encompass various mapping techniques using symbols to represent data. Choroschematic maps specifically use symbols to represent the distribution of non-quantitative data in defined areas.
Chorochromatic maps, as the name suggests (derived from "choro" meaning area and "chroma" meaning color), use different colors or tints to represent different categories or features of data on a map.
Choropleth maps are specifically designed to display statistical data, such as population density, by using different shades or colors for different areas based on the data they represent
Isopleths are lines on a map that connect points of equal value for a given variable. For example, an isotherm connects points of equal temperature, and an isobar connects points of equal atmospheric pressure.
97. Which one of the following is the most suitable projection for an ideal map of 'Chile' ?
(1) Conical projection with onestandard parallel
(2) Bonne's projection
(3) Conical projection with twostandard parallel
(4) Lambert's projection
Conical Projection with one Standard Parallel
A conical projection is one, which is drawn by projecting the image of the
graticule of a globe on a developable cone, which touches the globe along a
parallel of latitude called the standard parallel. As the cone touches the
globe located along AB, the position of this parallel on the globe coinciding
with that on the cone is taken as the standard parallel. The length of other
parallels on either side of this parallel are distorted.
98. In the following methods of relief depiction, which one is not a quantitative method ?
(1) Spot height
(2) Bench Mark
(3) Hachure
(4) Contours
99. The main factors which produce the ocean currents are :
A. Planetary winds
B. Variations in sea water temperature
C. Variations in sea water salinity
D. Revolution of the earth
Choose the correct answer :
(1) A, B and C are correct.
(2) A, B, C and D are correct.
(3) A, B and D are correct.
(4) Only A and B are correct.
100. Examine the following statements and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
A. The gaseous hypothesis is based on the law of gravitation.
B. The term 'Primordial Matter' was given by Kant.
C. The 'planetesimal hypothesis' was given by Kant.
D. Kant said, "Give me the matter and I will build a world out of it."
Codes :
(1) A, B and C are correct
(2) A, C and D are correct
(3) A, B and D are correct
(4) A, B, C and D are correct
The gaseous hypothesis BY KANT CLICK HERE
101. The atmospheric condition appear to be necessary for tornado development :
A. A layer of warm moist air at low altitudes.
B. A layer of dry air at higher altitudes with an inversion at about 1000 metres.
C. An intense cold front.
Choose the correct option :
(1) A and B are correct.
(2) B and C are correct.
(3) A, B and C are correct.
(4) Only B is correct.
102. Arrange the following Pleistocene ice ages of Europe in a chronological order and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
A. Gunj
B. Mindel
C. Wurm
D. Riss
Codes :
(1) A, B, C and D
(2) A, B, D and C
(3) A, C, D and B
(4) D, C, B and A
103. What is the Representative Fraction (R.F.) if the statement scale is 2 cm = 1 km ?
(1) 1 : 1,00,000
(2) 1 : 2,00,000
(3) 1 : 50,000
(4) 1 : 10,000
104. The inversion of temperature takes place :
A. on calm and long winter nights.
B. when the earth surface is covered with ice.
C. when the sky is clear and anticyclone condition prevails.
D. when sky is covered with clouds.
Choose the correct option :
(1) A, B and C are correct.
(2) A, B, C and D are correct.
(3) Only A and B are correct.
(4) A, C and D are correct.
EXPLAINATION: Temperature inversion: It is a reversal of the normal behavior of temperature in the troposphere. Under this meteorological phenomenon a layer of warm air lies over the cold air layer.
It is caused in stac atmospheric conditions while some times, it occurs due to horizontal or vertical movement of air.
Temperature inversion is usually of short duration but quite common nonetheless
Favourable Conditions for Temperature Inversion
Long winter nights: Loss of heat by terrestrial radiation from the ground surface during night may exceed the amount of incoming solar radiation.
Cloudless and clear sky: Loss of heat through terrestrial radiation proceeds more rapidly without any obstruction.
Dry air near the ground surface: It limits the absorption of the radiated heat from the Earth’s surface.
Slow movement of air: It results in no transfer or mixing of heat in the lower layers of the atmosphere.
Snow covered ground surface: It results in maximum loss of heat through reflection of incoming solar radiation.
105. Which of the following GIS Softwares, is not developed by Indian Space Department ?
(1) GEO
(2) SMART
(3) SPACE
(4) ILWIS
106. Arrange the following in increasing order of salinity :
A. Dead Sea
B. Great Salt Lake
C. Lake Van
D. Black Sea
Choose the correct increasing order :
(1) D, C, A and B
(2) D, C, B and A
(3) D, B, A and C
(4) A, B, D and C
107. Examine the following statements :
A. Main central thrust separates the Greater Himalaya from the Lesser Himalaya.
B. Main Boundary fault separates the Lesser Himalaya from the Shiwaliks.
C. Great Boundary fault separates the Aravalli from Vindhyan System.
Choose the correct answer :
(1) Only A and B are correct.
(2) Only B and C are correct.
(3) A, B and C are correct.
(4) Only A and C are correct.
108. The correct Index No. of the following one-inch or quarter degree topographical sheet is :
(1) 53
(2) 53 P
(3) 53p/ 2
(4) 53 P/2/4
109. If the two limbs of a fold are parallel and inclined at same angle but not horizontal, is known as :
(1) Isoclinal fold
(2) Recumbent fold
(3) Monoclinal fold
(4) Overturned fold
FOLD CLICK HERE
110. "There is a 16 km (10 miles) thick layer of in equal density below the areas having similar density." Who expressed this view about Isostasy ?
(1) Joly
(2) Holmes
(3) Pratt
(4) Airy
111. Which one of the following is not an Atoll ?
(1) Kwajalein
(2) Funafuttie
(3) Bikini
(4) Great Barrier
Atolls are ring-shaped coral reefs, often surrounding a lagoon. Many examples can be found in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, including the Maldives, the Marshall Islands, and the Chagos Archipelago.
Here are some specific examples of atolls:
Pacific Ocean:
Maldives: A nation made up of numerous atolls.
Marshall Islands: A country with many atolls, including Bikini Atoll.
Kiribati: An island nation with many atolls.
Tuvalu: Another island nation primarily composed of atolls.
Caroline Island: An atoll in the central Pacific, part of the Line Islands.
Howland Island: An uplifted atoll in the Phoenix Islands.
Kingman Reef: Considered an atoll reef due to its lack of permanent landmasses.
Midway Atoll: A coral atoll in the North Pacific, known for the Battle of Midway.
Palmyra Atoll: A classic Darwinian atoll formed atop a sinking volcano.
Rangiroa: One of the largest atolls in French Polynesia.
Tubbataha Reefs: Located in the Sulu Sea, Philippines.
Indian Ocean:
Aldabra Atoll: A large, raised coral atoll in the Seychelles.
Chagos Archipelago: A group of atolls and islands in the Indian Ocean.
Lakshadweep Islands: A group of coral atolls and reefs off the coast of India.
112. Choose the correct order of pressure belts from equator to poles :
(1) Equatorial low, Sub-polar low, Sub-tropical high, Polar high
(2) Equatorial low, Sub-tropical high, Polar high, Sub-polar low
(3) Polar high, Sub-polar low, Subtropical high, Equatorial low
(4) Equatorial low, Sub-tropical high, Sub-polar low, Polar high
113. Major elements of Data Analysis Process of Remote Sensing are :
A. Data Product
B. Interpretation and analysis
C. Information products
D. Users
114. The absence of deep focus earthquakes found along :
(1) Only divergent boundaries
(2) Only convergent boundaries
(3) Only transform fault boundaries
(4) Both transform fault and divergent boundaries
115. In a climograph if wet-bulb temperature is more than 15°C and relative humidity is less than 40%, it represents :
(1) Scorching climate
(2) Muggy climate
(3) Raw climate
(4) Keen climate
116. Which one of the following is not matched correctly ?
Land Form – Forming Agent
(1) Blind Valley – Karst (Underground water)
(2) Pediment – Fluvial-desert
(3) Basket of egg topography – Glacier
(4) Roche moutonnee – Aeolian
117. Which Scientist/Geomorphologist stated "No vestige of a beginning, no prospect of an end" ?
(1) W. M. Devis
(2) James Hutton
(3) Penk
(4) Lyel
118. Which one of the following is not matched correctly ?
Vegetation Area
(1) Tropical wet evergreen – Western Ghats
(2) Tropical dry evergreen – Coastal Tamil Nadu
(3) Wet temperate – Nilgiri & Annamalai Hills
(4) Sub-tropical – dry Chota Nagpur plateau
119. Which one of the following is not an example of Block Mountain ?
(1) Black forest
(2) Vosges
(3) Sierra-Nevada
(4) Caucasus
MOUNTAIN CLICK HERE
120. Match List - I with List - II and select correct answer using the codes given below :
List - I List - II
(Sphere) (Phenomenon)
A. Ionosphere (i) Contains ozone
B. Stratosphere (ii) Radiowaves reflects
C. Troposphere (iii) Normal lapse rate
D. Mesosphere (iv) Noctiluscent clouds
Codes :
A B C D
(1) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(2) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(3) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(4) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
121. A Bell shaped pyramid tapered at top and bottom represents the population (age-sex) of :
(1) Japan
(2) Bangladesh
(3) India
(4) Kenya
122. The primary objectives of agro-climatic regionalization/regions in India are :
A. To optimize agricultural production.
B. To increase farm income.
C. To generate more rural employment.
Choose the correct objectives :
(1) A and B only
(2) A, B and C
(3) A and C only
(4) A only
123. Examine the following laws of migration, advocated by E. G. Ravenstein :
A. The majority of migrants go only a short distance.
B. Females are less migratory than males.
C. Each current of migration produces a counter-current of higher strength.
D. The natives of towns are less migratory than those of rural areas.
124. Examine the following statements about Indian soils :
A. Regur soil is derived from the Deccan Lava.
B. Khadar soils are more clayee than the Bhangar ones.
C. Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminium.
D. Himalaya mountain soils are mature soils.
Choose the correct answer :
(1) Only A, B and C are correct.
(2) A, B, C and D are correct.
(3) Only A, B and D are correct.
(4) Only B, C and D are correct.
125. Osaka is known as the Manchester of Japan. In which industrial region of Japan it is situated ?
(1) Hokkaido .
(2) Kinki
(3) Kanto
(4) Kyushu
126. As per Weber's theory of industrial location a line of equal transport cost for any material or product is called :
(1) Isodapane
(2) Critical isodapane
(3) Isotim
(4) Isotone
127. When it is 12 Noon in Cairo (30° Eastern Longitude) the time in London will be :
(1) 2 P.M.
(2) 10 A.M.
(3) 1 P.M.
(4) 11 A.M.
When it is 12 noon in Cairo (30° East longitude), the time in London (0° longitude) will be 10:00 AM.
Explanation:
Cairo is 30 degrees east of the Prime Meridian (Greenwich), and for every 15 degrees of longitude, there is a one-hour time difference.
Since Cairo is 30 degrees east, it is two hours ahead of Greenwich (30 / 15 = 2).
Therefore, when it is 12 noon in Cairo, it will be 10:00 AM in London (12 - 2 = 10).
128. Which country has the world's longest and largest road network ?
(1) China
(2) United States of America
(3) India
(4) Russia
Source: World Population Review
129. Christaller's Central-Place Theory is based on which two principles of the following ?
A. Range of Goods
B. Threshold
C. Marginal influence
D. Functional influences
Choose correct option :
(1) A and B
(2) A and C
(3) B and D
(4) C and D
130. According to Census 2011, which pair of States/Union Territory has the highest percentage of tribal population to total population ?
(1) Lakshadweep and Nagaland
(2) Lakshadweep and Mizoram
(3) Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Mizoram
(4) Lakshadweep and Meghalaya
131. Examine the following trends of urbanization in Census 2011 in India :
A. Urban population was 31.16% of the total population.
B. Goa is most urbanized State.
C. Largest concentration of urban population is in Maharashtra.
D. Least urbanized State is Bihar.
Choose correct trends :
(1) A, B, C and D
(2) A, B and C
(3) A, B and D
(4) A, C and D
132. Which one of the following stages is not matched correctly according to Demographic Transition Theory of Thompson and Notestien ?
(1) Stage I – High fertility, high mortality
(2) Stage II – High fertility, mortality high but declining
(3) Stage III – Declining birth rate, mortality high
(4) Stage IV – Low birth rate, low mortality rate
133. In Koppen's classification of Indian climate, the 'As' climate is found along :
(1) Konkan Coast
(2) Malabar Coast
(3) Coromandel Coast
(4) Canara Coast
134. Which one among the following industries is the maximum consumer of water in India ?
(1) Iron and steel
(2) Paper and pulp
(3) Textiles
(4) Thermal Power
135. Consider the following protected areas of India :
A. Bandipur
B. Bhitarkanika
C. Manas
D. Sundarban
Which of the above are declared 'Tiger Reserves' ?
(1) A, B and C
(2) A, C and D
(3) B, C and D
(4) A, B, C and D
136. Which isohyet separates major Rice and Wheat producing areas in India ?
(1) 75 cm
(2) 50 cm
(3) 100 cm
(4) 125 cm
137. Within Human Geography the term 'Behavioural Environment' was brought to prominence by :
(1) William Kirk
(2) G. Taylor
(3) Febvre
(4) Huntington
138. 'Isochrones' shows :
(1) Trend of maximum traffic.
(2) Communication of travellers and railway.
(3) Lines of equal travel time from given point across a geographical area.
(4) Depiction of traffic directions through coloured lines.
139. Examine the following statements about Geostationary Satellites :
A. These are placed at an altitude of approximately 36,000 Km.
B. They revolves in the same direction the earth rotates.
C. Their angular velocity is same as the earth.
D. One satellite can cover ½ (half) part of the earth.
Choose correct statements :
(1) Only A, B and C
(2) Only A, C and D
(3) Only A, B and D
(4) A, B, C and D
140. The concept of 'Human Ecology' was put forward by :
(1) Hartshorne
(2) Ratzel
(3) H. H. Barrows
(4) Wolpart
141. Match the following and give correct answer used codes given below :
Name/Concept Propounder
A. Umland (i) T. L. Smith
B. Urban fringe (ii) Andre Elliks
C. Conurbation (iii) Jean Gottman
D. Megalopolis (iv) Patrik Geddes
Codes :
A B C D
(1) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(2) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(3) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(4) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
142. Government of India encourages the cultivation of 'sea-buckthorn.' What is the importance of this plant ?
A. It helps in controlling soil erosion and in preventing desertification.
B. It is a rich source of biofuel.
C. It has nutritional value.
D. Its timber is of great commercial value.
Choose the correct answer :
(1) A, B and C
(2) A, C and D
(3) Only A and C
(4) A, B, C and D
143. According to Von Thunen's Agricultural Land Use Theory, farmers followed the three-field system in :
(1) Zone III
(2) Zone IV
(3) Zone V
(4) Zone VI
144. Which one of the following is not matched correctly ?
Sector – Economic Activities
(1) Primary – Agriculture, Mining
(2) Secondary – Manufacturing, Engineering
(3) Tertiary – Services industry
(4) Quaternary – High level decision makers, policy makers
145. In Census 2011, in comparison to that in Census 2001 the highest decrease in sex ratio of 0-6 age group was in :
(1) Jammu and Kashmir
(2) Haryana
(3) Punjab
(4) Gujarat
146. Which one of the following sets represent the Aluminium industry correctly in India ?
(1) Hirakud, Renukoot, Mettur, Koraput
(2) Hirakud, Raipur, Mettur, Koraput
(3) Renukoot, Mettur, Raipur, Bernpur
(4) Koraput, Bernpur, Mettur, Hirakud
147. Maracaibo Lake and Orinico Basin are important crude oil producing areas of :
(1) Brazil
(2) Colombia
(3) Venezuela
(4) Argentina
148. The highest density of Railway per 1000 sq. km. area in India is in :
(1) Goa and Assam
(2) Goa and Gujarat
(3) Punjab and Gujarat
(4) Punjab and West Bengal
149. Examine the following characteristics of the Mediterranean Agriculture :
A. It represents the commercial agriculture of high specialization.
B. Cereal and vegetable cultivation.
C. Limited animal husbandry.
D. Viticulture.
Choose the correct characteristics :
(1) A, B, C and D
(2) Only B, C and D
(3) Only A, B and D
(4) Only A, B and C
150. In Human Development Index Report2018, India ranked :
(1) 131
(2) 130
(3) 132
(4) 129
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