CBSC CLASS 6//NCERT SOCIAL SCIENCE - GEOGRAPHY MAJOR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH
Major Domains of the Earth
Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the four major domains of the Earth?
(b) Name the major continents of the Earth.
(c) Name the two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere.
(d) Name the different layers of atmosphere.
(e) Why is the Earth called the ‘blue planet’?
(f) Why is the Northern Hemisphere called the Land Hemisphere?
(g) Why is the biosphere important for living organisms?
Answer:
(a) The four major domains of the Earth are: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.
(b) The seven major continents of the Earth are: Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica.
(c) The two continents that lie entirely in the Southern Hemisphere are: Australia and Antarctica.
(d) The different layers of atmosphere are: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.
(e) The Earth is called the ‘blue planet’ because more than 71 per cent of its surface is covered with water.
(f) The Northern Hemisphere is called the Land Hemisphere because the greater part of Earth’s landmass lies in the Northern Hemisphere.
(g)The biosphere is the narrow zone of contact between land, water and air. It is in this zone that life, that is unique to Earth, exists. All the living organisms are linked to each other and to the biosphere for survival.
FILL IN THE BLANK
(a) The deepest point on the Earth is Marina Trench in the Pacific Ocean.
(b) The Indian Ocean is named after a country.
(c) The biosphere is a narrow contact of land, water and air that supports life.
(d) The continents of Europe and Asia together are known as Eurasia.
(e) The highest mountain peak on the Earth is Mount Everest.
Tick the correct answer.
(a) The mountain range that separates Europe from Asia is
(i) the Andes (ii) the Himalayas (iii) the Urals.
(b) The continent of North America is linked to South America by
(i) an Isthmus (ii) a Strait (iii) a Canal.
(c) The major constituent of the atmosphere by percent is
(i) Nitrogen (ii) Oxygen (iii) Carbon dioxide.
(d) The domain of the earth consisting of solid rocks is
(i) the Atmosphere (ii) the Hydrosphere (iii) the Lithosphere.
(e) Which the largest continent?
(i) Africa (ii) Asia (iii) Australia
State whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F).
- The shape of the Pacific Ocean is almost triangular.- FALSE
- A very small part of Africa lies in the Northern Hemisphere.- FALSE
- The level of seawater remains the same everywhere.- TRUE
- Air moves from low pressure to high pressure. - FALSE
- Carbon dioxide is an important constituent of air.- TRUE
- The atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.- TRUE
Short Answer Type Questions
1. Which is larger—Europe or Australia?
Answer: Europe is larger than Australia.
2. How is nitrogen a significant gas?
Answer: Nitrogen helps in the growth of living organisms.
3. What is the Junction of carbon dioxide?
Answer: Carbon dioxide absorbs the heat radiated by the earth and thus keeps the planet warm.
4. What is the height of the Mt. Everest?
Answer: The height of the Mt. Everest is 8,848 metres.
5. In which Hemisphere does Asia lie?
Answer: Asia lies in the Eastern Hemisphere.
6. Name the world’s largest hot desert. Where is it located?
Answer: The Sahara desert. It is located in Africa.
7. How is North America linked to South America?
Answer: North America is linked to South America by a narrow strip of land called the Isthmus of Panama.
8. Name the Oceans that surround the continent—North America.
Answer: The Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.
9. Which two oceans surround South America on the east and the west?
Answer: On the east—the Atlantic Ocean On the west—the Pacific Ocean.
10. Name the research stations of India in Antarctica.
Answer: Maitri and Dakshin Gangotri.
11. What percent of the earth is covered with water?
Answer: More than 71 per cent of the earth is covered with water.
12. What percent of earth is covered with land?
Answer: 29 per cent of earth is covered with land.
13. How much of the earth’s water is found in the oceans?
Answer: More than 97 percent of the earth’s water is found in the ocean.
14. Why is the ocean water not fit for human use?
Answer: It is because the ocean water is very salty.
15. Why do the mountaineers carry with them oxygen cylinders?
Answer: The mountaineers carry with them oxygen cylinders so that they can easily breathe at high altitudes.
16. What is the nature of the temperature?
Answer: The temperature decreases as we go upwards.
17. Name the continents that surround the pacific ocean.
Answer: Asia, Australia, North America and South America.
18. Which is the busiest ocean from the point of view of commerce?
Answer: The Atlantic ocean is the busiest ocean from the point of view of commerce.
19. Mention two reasons of fast removal of soil from stops.
Answer: (i)Cutting of forests for wood.
(ii)Clearing land for agriculture.
20. What happened to Andaman and Nicobar islands during Tsunami?
Answer: Parts of these islands were submerged under water during Tsunami.
21. What makes the water of lakes and rivers unsuitable for human use?
Answer: Discharge of waste material into lakes and rivers makes the water unsuitable for human use.
22. Mention any two reasons of air pollution.
Answer: (i) Emission from industries
(ii)Emission from vehicles.
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