CBSE CLASS 10 SST GEOGRAPHY // IMPORTANT QUESTION FOR WATER RESOURCES 2024
What is Water Scarcity?what are the causes of water scarcity?
answer: Water scarcity means shortage of water. It is usually associated with regions having low rainfall or drought prone areas. There are many other reasons which lead to scarcity of water.
These are:
- Large growing population—means more water required for domestic use and also to produce more food.
- In the agricultural sector, water resources are being over-exploited to expand irrigated areas and dry-season agriculture.
- There is greater demand for water with growing urbanisation and industrialisation.
- The quality of water is deteriorating, i.e., getting polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture.
- Excessive use of water by industries which also require water to generate hydro-electric power to run them.
- Over exploitation of water in the urban areas. Housing societies and colonies have their own ground-water pumping devices. This causes depletion of fragile water resources in the cities.
Write advantages and disadvantages of multipurpose river valley project?
answer: merits and advantage
- Irrigation of water deficit areas
- Electricity generation
- Flood control
- Water supply for domestic and industrial uses
- Recreation
- Inland navigation
- Fish breeding
- They have failed to achieve the purpose for which they were built.
- The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
- The big dams have mostly been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall.
- These floods cause extensive soil erosion in addition to loss of life and property.
- Sedimentation deprives the flood plains of silt, a natural fertiliser.
- It was observed that these projects induced earthquakes.
- Floods cause water-borne diseases and pests.
- Results in pollution also.
- These river valley projects lead to large scale displacement of people and loss livelihoods.
discuss how rainwater harvested in semi arid region like rajastan ?
answer:Rooftop rainwater harvesting is important in Rajasthan because of the following reasons.
- The rainwater stored in tankas is an extremely reliable source of drinking water when all other sources are dried up.
- Rainwater is considered the purest form of natural water.
- Many houses have constructed underground rooms adjoining the tankas to beat the summer heat as it would keep the room clean.
- There is a lack of perennial rivers in Rajasthan.
- The rainfall is not reliable in this region.
what is hydrological cycle?
answer: The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle or the hydrological cycle, is a biogeochemical cycle that describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.
water scarcity can an outcome of overpopulation of india" analyse this statement.
answer: A large population requires more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food. Hence, to facilitate higher food grain production, water resources are being over exploited to expand irrigated areas for dry season agriculture. Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of water. Post independent India witnessed intensive industrialization and urbanization, creating vast opportunities for us. Today, large industrial houses are as common place as the industrial units of many MNCs. The ever-increasing number of industries have made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources. Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them. Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power. Most of these have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their water needs, which results in fragile water resources being over exploited. This has caused falling ground-water levels in several of these cities.
what are the popularly termed as "Temple of Modern India"?
answer: Multipurpose river valley projects
Analyse the Impact of water scarecity.
answer:Water is one of the most important requirement for agriculture and livestock. Water is needed for irrigating the crops, thus, water scarcity immediately leads to loss of crops. The scarcity of water damages the already sown crops. Livestock is affected as the fodder (animal feed) production is also decreased manifolds due to water scarcity. The domestic farms need water for its proper maintenance. So, water scarcity is a threat to both these sectors. Water scarcity directly affects human beings and animals. Absence of potable water for drinking and other purposes causes a lot of diseases and problems to human beings. This hinders their daily routines and they are unable to discharge their daily duties. Without access to clean water, there is no way one can avail proper sanitation facilities. Access to quality water is fundamental to better living standard and economic growth. Absence of that lowers the living standards of the country. Natural landscapes suffers the most because of water scarcity as it contributes to desertification, loss of plants and death of wildlife.
Traditional Harvesting System is important to conserve water .anyse this system
answer: The rainwater harvesting systems practised India are as follows.
In hills and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels likeguls or kuls for agriculture.
Inundation canals were built in the floodplains of Bengal, to irrigate the fields.
In arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, agricultural fields were converted into room-fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil.
write any five causes of water population in india?
answer: Write the main causes of water pollution.
Answer:
Water gets polluted by:
- Domestic wastes, especially urban sewers.
- Industrial wastes are disposed off in the water without proper treatment.
- Chemical effluents from industries and from agricultural sector.
- Pesticides and fertilisers used in agriculture may get washed into rivers by rain-water and may pollute the water by enriching it with minerals.
- Many human activities, e.g., religious rituals and immersing of idols, etc. in the water also pollute water.
why groundwater is highly overuse in india?
answer: 1. Because of the vast and increasing population and the resultant higher demand for and unequal access to water.
2. Water supplies are being over-exploited to increase irrigated regions and dry season cultivation to promote increased demand for food grains for huge populations.
how do we conserve our water resources?
answer: Three ways to conserve water are as follows.
Rainwater Harvesting: Rainwater, groundwater and river water can be harvested and used for agriculture purposes and moisten the soil.
Do not let the faucet run while brushing teeth, bathing or cleaning vegetables.
Check for leaks in pipes, hoses, faucets and couplings.
Why do some people oppose dams?
Answer: Some people oppose dams because this may submerge the land for cultivation and disrupt the lives of the displaced people.
Which multipurpose project is built on River Satluj How this project has led to the development of the country?
Answer:
The multipurpose project built over River Satluj is Bhakra Nangal.
This project has led to the development of the country in the following ways.
- The area under irrigation is increased as ample amount of water is released from the dam.
- It has also been successful in harnessing electricity at a large scale.
Explain any two consequences of changing crop pattern due to irrigation.
Answer:
The following are the two consequences of changing crop pattern due to irrigation.
- It has resulted in ecological problems like salinisation of the soil.
- It has also transformed the social landscape by increasing the gap between the rich landowners and landless poor.
- Rooftop rainwater is collected using a PVC pipe.
- The collected water is filtered by using sand and bricks.
- Water is taken to the sump through undergound pipes for immediate use.
- Excess water is taken from the sump to the well.
- Water in the well recharges the underground water.
- The construction of dams resulted in problems like excessive sedimentation, waterlogging, soil erosion, sudden floods, large-scale deforestation, extinction of species, displacement of communities and loss of livelihood of tribal communities. Dams also fragment rivers, making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate especially for spawing.
- Dams that were built to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir. Big dams have been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall. The release of water from the dams during heavy rainfall, worsens the situation.
- Multi-purpose projects cause earthquakes, water-borne diseases and pollution due to the excessive use of water.
- Large industrial houses and multinational corporations use large quantities of water. They also require power to run themselves. Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power.
- Urban centres with large and growing population have added to water and energy requirements. The housing societies have underground pumping devices to draw water and meet their water needs.
- A large population not only needs more water but also more food. Hence water resources are overexploited to expand irrigated areas.
- Pumping out more water from under the ground may lead to falling ground water levels.
- It will adversely affect water availability.
- This, in turn, will affect our agriculture and food security of the people.
- Impoverishment of water resources may adversely affect the ecological cycle.
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