ICSE CLASS 10 GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER – CLIMATE OF INDIA
PREVIOUS YEARS QUESTION 2011-2010
a) Give two
important characteristics of the summer monsoon rainfall in India. [2]
Ans: Two characteristics of the summer monsoon rainfall are :
It is erratic in nature.
It is
mainly orographic in nature/type.
(b) ‘Rainfall in
India is Orographic in nature.’ Give an example with reference to the
distribution of rainfall and the effect of relief on its distribution. [2]
Ans: ‘Rainfall
in India is Orographic in nature. Example Western Ghats which he parallel to
the western coast is in a suitable direction to check the rain bearing monsoon
winds. The western slope of it that faces the winds receives heavy rainfall
i.e. inore than 200 cms. whereas the leeward side of it is not able to do so as
the winds are descending on that slope. This region receives low rainfall.
(c) Give a reason
to explain why :
(i) the coastal
areas of India do not experience a significant variation in temperature between
summer and winter months.
Ans: This
is because of the moderating influence of the adjoining water bodies. The land
and sea breezes moderate the temperatures.
(ii) the annual
rainfall in Rajasthan is less than 25 cm.
Ans: This
is because Aravallis are parallel to the Arabian sea branch of S.W. monsoons
and are unable to check the winds. This is also because Rajasthan lies in the
rain shadow region when Bay of Bengal Branch strikes the Aravallis.
(iii) the
Coromandel coast gets most of its rain during the winter season. [3]
Ans: Coromandel
coast gets most of its rain during winter season because of N.E. monsoons which
pickup moisture from Bay of Bengal and strikes the Coromandel coast.
(d) Study the
climatic data given below and answer the questions that follow : [3]
Months Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperature °C 24.5 25/7 27.7 20.4 30.0 32.5 31.0 30.2 29.8 28.0 25.9 24:7
Rainfall (cm) 4.6 1.8 1.3 1.8 3.8 4.5 8.7 11.3 11.9 30.6 35.0 13:9
(i) Name the driest
month.
(ii) Calculate the
annual rainfall experienced by the station.
(iii) What is the
annual range of temperature ?
Ans: (i) Driest month is March.
(ii)
Annual rainfall is 129.2 cms.
(iii)
Annual range of temperature is 12.1°C.
2010
(a)
Mention two differences in the climatic conditions which prevail over Kerala
and Uttar Pradesh in the month of June. [2]
Ans: In the month
of June, Kerala has temperature range between 26°C to 32°C, as it has a
moderating influence of the sea, but Uttar Pradesh has intense heat.
Temperature around 48°C is not uncommon in this month.
(b) Name
:
(i) The
source of winter rain to Pakistan. = western disturbance
(ii) The
source of the winter rain to Tamil Nadu. [2]= Retreating of
Monsoon
(c) Give
reasons for the following:
(i) The
North East Monsoons bring almost no rain to most of India.
Ans: North East
Monsoons bring almost no rain to most of India because these winds have no
moisture, as they blow from land to sea.
(ii) The
mango showers are beneficial local winds.
Ans: ‘Mango
showers’ are beneficial local winds because the little rainfall which they
bringis important for the growth ol mango, lea and coffee plants’m’Kera’la and
the coasts of Karnataka.
(iii) The
latitudinal extent of India is responsible for the variation in the climatic
conditions which prevail in the country. [3]
Ans: India
stretchers over a large latitudinal extent is responsible for the climatic
change and controls the climate all over India. Tropic of Cancer divides India
into two heat zones, Tropical and Temperate zone. Peninsular India is in
Tropical zone, this belt is close to equator and is also surrounded by water
bodies so it has moderating affect of sea. But the northern part which is
temperate zone has a different climate, because this belt is away from the
equator and also away from the influence of sea, thus has extremes of climate.
Its extremely high temperature in summer, attracts S.W. monsoon winds, thus is responsible
for rains all over the country.
(d) Study
the climatic data provided below and answer the questions that follow :
Months Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Section A
Temp °C 21.0 22.6 26.3 29.2 29.7 27.5 25.1 24.5 24.8 25.5 22.5 20.5
Rain cm 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.5 2.7 11.4 16.7 9.0 13.4 9.0 2.7 0.3
Section B
Temp °C 24.4 24.4 26.7 23.3 30.3 28.9 27.2 27.2 27.2 28.3 27.2 25.0
Rain cm 0.2 0.3 0.3 1-7 1.9 50.2 61.0 37.0 27.0 4.8 1.4 0.3
(i)
Calculate the annual range of temperature of Station B.
(ii)
Calculate annual rainfall of station A.
(iii)
Presuming that both the stations are located in West India, state giving a
reason as to which of the two lies on the windward side of the Western Ghats.
[3]
Ans:
(d) (i) The annual
range of temperature of Station B is 5.6°C (30.0-24.4).
(ii) The annual
rainfall of Station A is 67.4 cm.
(iii) ‘B’ is at the
windward side of the Western Ghats as it is getting 50 to 61 cm of rainfall in
the month of June and July whereas Station ‘A’ gets only 11.4 and 16.7 cm of
rainfall in the same months, which shows that it lies on the leeward side of
the mountain.
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