Important terms of resources and development 

1.  Resources : All the useful elements of environment that satisfy our basic needs are called resources.
2. Biotic resources : These are obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna,fisheries, livestock, etc.
3. Abiotic resources : Resources that comprise of non-living things, such as rocks, minerals, etc.
4. Renewable resources : The resources which can be reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. For example: solar and wind energy.
5. Non-renewable resources : These are the resources that once used, can’t be reproduced or replenished. For example: fossil fuels, minerals like copper and iron ore.
6. Natural resources : A natural resource is something that is found in nature and can be used by people for economic gain. Earth's natural resources include light, air, water, plants, animals, soil, stone, minerals, Fossil fuels, etc.
7. Man-made resources : Man-made resources are resources that are created by humans to transform and use the gifts of nature, for example buildings; roads; vehicles; machinery, equipment, etc.
8. Individual resources : The resources owned privately by individuals.
9. Community-owned resources : Resources which are accessible to all the members of the community.
10.  National resources : All the resources, which are present in the political boundary of a nation up to 12 nautical miles in the ocean from the coast.
11. International resources : The resources that do not belong to any individual country.
12. Potential resources : Resources, which are available in a region, but have not been utilized.
13. Developed resources : Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for utilization.
14.  Stock : Materials present in the environment, which have the potential to satisfy human needs, but human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these materials.
15.  Reserves : They are the subsets of the stock, which can be put into use with the help of existing technology but their use has not been started yet.
16. Sustainable development : It means development should take place without damaging the environment and development in the present should not compromise with needs of the future generations.
17.  Resource planning : It is the widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources.
18. Resource conservation : Conservation of natural resources refers to the sustainable utilisation of natural resources, like soils, water, plants, animals, minerals, topsoil, pastureland, and minerals, and also to the preservation of forests-forestry, watershed areas, etc.
19. Gross cropped area : Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area is known as gross cropped area.
20. Fallow land : A land, which is left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year for increasing its fertility is known as the fallow land.
21. Waste land : Land, which is not suitable for cultivation is known as waste land.
22.  Net sown area : Area sown once in a year is known as the net sown area.
23.  Pasture : Grassland, which is used for providing food for animals.
24. Soil erosion : The removal of top fertile soil cover due to various reasons such as wind, glacier and water is called soil erosion.
25.  Gullies : The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels known as gullies.
26. Sheet erosion : When the top soil is washed away due to heavy flow of water down the slopes, it is known as sheet erosion.
27. Wind erosion : When the top fertile soil blows off due to wind, it is known as wind erosion.
28. Strip cropping : Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grasses are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind. This method is known as strip cropping.
29. Contour ploughing : Ploughing along the contour lines can slow down the flow of water down the slopes. This is called contour ploughing.
30. Shelter belts : Planting lines of trees to create shelter breaks up the force of the wind. Rows of such trees are called shelter belts.

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