Geography Chapter 6 - Major Landforms of the Earth: Solutions
Exercises
1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What are the major landforms?
Answer:
The major landforms are:
(i) Mountains
(ii) Plains
(iii) Plateaus
(b) What is the difference between a mountain and a plateau?
Answer:
The difference between a mountain and a plateau is given below:
Mountain | Plateau |
1. A mountain is any natural elevation of the earth surface. | 1. A plateau is an elevated flat land. |
2. It is higher than the surrounding area. | 2. It is a flat-topped land that stands above the surrounding area. |
3. Mountains are rich in forests. | 3. Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits. |
(c) What are the different types of mountains?
Answer:
There are 3 different types of Mountains. They are:
(i) Fold Mountains
(ii) Block Mountains
(iii) Volcanic Mountains
(d) How are mountains useful to man?
Answer:
Mountains are useful to man in the following different ways:
👉Mountains are a storehouse of water that can be harnessed for the use of people.👉Many rivers have their source in the glaciers in the mountains.
👉Water from the mountains is also used for irrigation and generation of hydroelectricity.
👉The river valleys and terraces are ideal for the cultivation of crops.
👉The forests provide fuel, fodder, shelter and other products like gum, raisins, etc.
👉Several sports like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting and skiing are popular in the mountains.
(e) How are plains formed?
Answer:
Plains are generally formed by rivers and their tributaries. The rivers flow down the slopes of mountains and erode them. They carry forward the eroded material that consists of stones, sand and silt. They then deposit these materials along their courses and in their valleys. These deposits lead to the formation of plains.
(f) Why are the river plains thickly populated?
Answer:
River plains are thickly populated due to the following reasons:
- In the plains, more flat land is available for building houses.
- Construction of transport network is easy in these regions.
- Due to the fertile soils, the land is highly productive for cultivation.
(g) Why are mountains thinly populated?
Answer:
Mountains are thinly populated due to the following reasons:
- The climate is harsh at the mountains.
- Since the slopes are steep, less land is available for farming.
- It is not easy to construct houses, roads and buildings in the high mountain regions.
1. A plain is an unbroken flat or a low-level land.
2. The Himalayas and the Alps are examples of fold types of mountains.
3. Plateau areas are rich in mineral deposits.
4. The range is a line of mountains.
5. The plain areas are most productive for farming.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(a) The mountains differ from the hills in terms of
(i) elevation
(ii) slope
(iii)aspect.
(b) Glaciers are found in
(i) the mountains
(ii) the plains
(iii)the plateaus.
(c) The Deccan plateau islocated in
(i) Kenya
(ii) Australia
(iii)India.
(d) The river Yangtze flows in
(i) South America
(ii) Australia
(iii)China.
(e) An important mountain range of Europe is ‘
(i) the Andes
(ii) the Alps
(iii) the Rockies.
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